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It has historically been a great power , [] and a former superpower as the leading constituent of the former Soviet Union. The current krais are not related to frontiers. The regions of Russia have reserved areas of competence, but no regions have sovereignty, do not have the status of a sovereign state, do not have the right to indicate any sovereignty in their constitutions and do not have the right to secede from the country. During this period of rapid economic and social change, millions of people were sent to penal labour camps , including many political convicts for their suspected or real opposition to Stalin's rule; [] and millions were deported and exiled to remote areas of the Soviet Union. Columbus, Ohio: Slavica Press. The rule of the new authorities only aggravated the crisis in the country instead of resolving it, and eventually, the October Revolution , led by Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin , overthrew the Provisional Government and gave full governing power to the soviets, leading to the creation of the world's first socialist state. Archived from the original on January 6, The Winter Palace served as the official residence of the Emperor of Russia. Ice hockey is very popular in Russia, and the Soviet national ice hockey team dominated the sport internationally throughout its existence. The Russian syllable structure can be quite complex, with both initial and final consonant clusters of up to four consecutive sounds. Retrieved July 16, March 31, Languages of Russia. Main articles: Media of Russia and Cinema of Russia. Read View source View history.

A number of encoding conversion applications were developed. Archived from the original on August 5, The history of Russian architecture begins with early woodcraft buildings of ancient Slavs, and the church architecture of Kievan Rus'. See also: Russian cuisine. September 21, Show region with labels. Religion Science Censorship Censorship of images. Central Asian Bureau for Analytical Reporting. Mountain ranges in the south and east obstruct the flow of warm air masses from the Indian and Pacific oceans, while the European Plain spanning its west and north opens it to influence from the Atlantic and Arctic oceans. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Russia assumed responsibility for settling the latter's external debts.

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Education in Russian is still a popular choice for both Russian as a second language RSL and native speakers in Russia, and in many former Soviet republics. The rule of the new authorities only aggravated the crisis in the country instead of resolving it, and eventually, the October Revolution , led by Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin , overthrew the Provisional Government and gave full governing power to the soviets, leading to the creation of the world's first socialist state. Russian: A Linguistic Introduction 1st ed. According to the World Tourism Organization , Russia was the sixteenth-most visited country in the world, and the tenth-most visited country in Europe, in , with over Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. Retrieved October 4, — via lojban. September 29, In China , Russian has no official status, but it is spoken by the small Russian communities in the northeastern Heilongjiang and the northwestern Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. During the conflict, Russian troops overran East Prussia , reaching Berlin. According to the United States Census , in Russian was the primary language spoken in the homes of over , individuals living in the United States.

Russia | World | The Guardian

• Retrieved May 14,
• According to estimates from Demoskop Weekly, Russian there were 14, native speakers of Russian in the country, and 29 million active speakers, Russian.
• Krasnodar Krai.

It is the largest country in the world by area , extending across eleven time zones. It shares land boundaries with fourteen countries. The country's capital as well as its largest city is Moscow. Saint Petersburg is Russia's second-largest city and cultural capital. Rus' ultimately disintegrated, with the Grand Duchy of Moscow growing to become the Tsardom of Russia. By the early 18th century, Russia had vastly expanded through conquest, annexation, and the efforts of Russian explorers , developing into the Russian Empire , which remains the third-largest empire in history. However, with the Russian Revolution in , Russia's monarchic rule was abolished and eventually replaced by the Russian SFSR —the world's first constitutionally socialist state. At the expense of millions of lives , the Soviet Union underwent rapid industrialisation in the s and later played a decisive role for the Allies in World War II by leading large-scale efforts on the Eastern Front. With the onset of the Cold War , it competed with the United States for global ideological influence. The Soviet era of the 20th century saw some of the most significant Russian technological achievements , including the first human-made satellite and the first human expedition into outer space. A new constitution was adopted, which established a federal semi-presidential system. Since the turn of the century, Russia's political system has been dominated by Vladimir Putin , under whom the country has experienced democratic backsliding and a shift towards authoritarianism. Russia has been militarily involved in a number of conflicts in former Soviet states and other countries , including its war with Georgia in and annexation of Crimea in from neighbouring Ukraine , followed by the further annexation of four other regions in during an ongoing invasion. Internationally, Russia ranks among the lowest in measurements of democracy , human rights and freedom of the press ; the country also has high levels of perceived corruption. Its mineral and energy sources are the world's largest, and its figures for oil production and natural gas production rank highly globally. Russia possesses the largest stockpile of nuclear weapons and has the third-highest military expenditure. According to the Oxford English Dictionary , the English name Russia first appeared in the 14th century, borrowed from Medieval Latin : Russia , used in the 11th century and frequently in 12th-century British sources, in turn derived from Russi , 'the Russians' and the suffix -ia. There are several words in Russian which translate to "Russians" in English. According to the Primary Chronicle , the word Rus' is derived from the Rus' people , who were a Swedish tribe, and where the three original members of the Rurikid dynasty came from. The first human settlement on Russia dates back to the Oldowan period in the early Lower Paleolithic.

Russian is a minority Russian. Russian [e] is an East Slavic languageRussian primarily in Russia. It is the native language of the Russians and belongs to the Indo-European language family, Russian. It is one of four living East Slavic languages, [f] and is also a part of the larger Balto-Slavic languages. It was the de facto and de jure [23] official language of the former Soviet Union. Russian has over million total speakers worldwide. Russian is written using the Russian alphabet of the Cyrillic script ; it distinguishes Russian consonant phonemes with palatal secondary articulation and those without—the so-called "soft" and "hard" sounds.

Russian. Russian Dictionary

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Smolensk dialect.